本文主要介紹了centos7.3 安裝mysql5.7.18的詳細教程,需要的朋友可以參考下，希望能幫助到大家。
1查看Linux發(fā)行版本
[root@typecodes ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
2 下載MySQL官方的Yum Repository
根據(jù)Linux發(fā)行版本（CentOS、Fedora都屬于紅帽系），從mysql官方（http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/）獲取Yum Repository。
[root@typecodes ~]# wget -i http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm --2016-02-03 18:36:02-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11 Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found Location: http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm [following] --2016-02-03 18:36:04-- http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 104.102.164.25 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|104.102.164.25|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 8984 (8.8K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm' 100%[=============================================================================================================================>] 8,984 --.-K/s in 0s 2016-02-03 18:36:07 (68.4 MB/s) - ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm' saved [8984/8984] 3 安裝MySQL的Yum Repository 安裝完MySQL的Yum Repository，每次執(zhí)行yum update都會檢查MySQL是否更新。 [root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks Examining mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch Marking mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql57-community-release noarch el7-7 /mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 7.8 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package Total size: 7.8 k Installed size: 7.8 k Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1 Verifying : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1 Installed: mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7 Complete!
3 安裝MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的服務(wù)器版本
[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server Loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks No metadata available for base No metadata available for epel No metadata available for extras repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 update mysql-connectors-community metadata successfully repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 update mysql-tools-community metadata successfully repomd.xml | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 update mysql57-community metadata successfully No metadata available for updates mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 24 kB 00:00:01 (2/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 28 kB 00:00:01 (3/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 8.6 kB 00:00:02 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos will be obsoleted --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.2 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 142 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 269 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages) Total download size: 171 M Downloading packages: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 142 MB 00:03:42 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:03 mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:00:05 mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:00:41 warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY00 ETA Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 269 kB 00:00:01 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch (@/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6 Installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 Replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos Complete! [root@typecodes ~]# clear
最后的截圖：
4 啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫：
[root@typecodes ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
然后使用命令systemctl status mysqld.service查看MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動后的服務(wù)狀態(tài)：
5 獲取初始密碼
使用YUM安裝并啟動MySQL服務(wù)后，MySQL進程會自動在進程日志中打印root用戶的初始密碼：
#######從mysql進程日志中獲取root用戶的初始密碼：ra%yk7urCBIh [root@typecodes ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 2016-02-03T10:42:17.272166Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ra%yk7urCBIh 2016-02-03T10:42:36.776875Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:42:52.063138Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:42:57.564373Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:43:01.477007Z 5 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:46:03.642008Z 6 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:46:11.217889Z 7 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) 2016-02-03T10:47:44.755199Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password' 2016-02-03T10:47:46.505844Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password' 2016-02-03T10:47:46.505851Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
6 修改root用戶密碼
使用小節(jié)5中獲取的root用戶的初始密碼，然后進行修改：
set global validate_password_policy =0;//默認是1，即MEDIUM，所以剛開始設(shè)置的密碼必須符合長度，且必須含有數(shù)字，小寫或大寫字母，特殊字符。
set global validate_password_length=4;//指定了密碼中數(shù)據(jù)的長度 alter user root@localhost identified by 'crow';//修改密碼
增加遠程訪問權(quán)限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'crow' WITH GRANT OPTION; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
退出mysql，然后重啟服務(wù)
systemctl restart mysqld
防火墻打開3306端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
重啟防火墻
firewall-cmd --reload [root@typecodes ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: #######輸入默認的root密碼后回車 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.10 Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye
7 安裝完畢
至此，使用在CentOS7中使用YUM方法安裝MySQL5.7.10數(shù)據(jù)庫完畢。如下所示，可以使用新的root密碼登陸MySQL了。
[root@typecodes ~]# mysql -uroot -ppassword mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.10 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> clear mysql> exit Bye [root@typecodes ~]# clear
附錄1：查看MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫的配置信息
MySQL的配置文件依然是/etc/my.cnf，其它安裝信息可以通過mysql_config命令查看。其中，動態(tài)庫文件存放在/usr/lib64/mysql目錄下。
附錄2：對于C/C++等開發(fā)者
由于需要用到類似mysql.h等頭文件，需要執(zhí)行下面的命令安裝mysql開發(fā)版本即可。
[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-devel
附錄3：刪除MySQL的Repository
因為小節(jié)3中安裝了MySQL的Yum Repository，所以以后每次執(zhí)行yum操作時，都會去檢查更新。如果想要去掉這種自動檢查操作的話，可以使用如下命令卸載MySQL的Repository即可。
[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch update 2017.04.10 11:10
使用上面的yum方法也可以安裝目前mysql官網(wǎng)上最新的版本mysql5.7.18。只要替換小節(jié)2中rmp包的版本即可，后續(xù)操作步驟不變。
wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
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