本篇文章給大家帶來的內容是關于redis集群配置與管理的詳細介紹（附代碼），有一定的參考價值，有需要的朋友可以參考一下，希望對你有所幫助。
redis在3.0版本以后開始支持集群，經過中間幾個版本的不斷更新優化，最新的版本集群功能已經非常完善。本文簡單介紹一下Redis集群搭建的過程和配置方法，redis版本是5.0.4，操作系統是中標麒麟（和centos內核基本一致）。
1、Redis集群原理
Redis 集群是一個提供在多個Redis間節點間共享數據的程序集，集群節點共同構建了一個去中心化的網絡，集群中的每個節點擁有平等的身份，節點各自保存各自的數據和集群狀態。節點之間采用Gossip協議進行通信，保證了節點狀態的信息同步。
Redis 集群數據通過分區來進行管理，每個節點保存集群數據的一個子集。數據的分配采用一種叫做哈希槽(hash slot)的方式來分配，和傳統的一致性哈希不太相同。Redis 集群有16384個哈希槽,每個key通過CRC16校驗后對16384取模來決定放置哪個槽。
為了使在部分節點失敗或者大部分節點無法通信的情況下集群仍然可用，集群使用了主從復制模型。讀取數據時，根據一致性哈希算法到對應的 master 節點獲取數據，如果master 掛掉之后，會啟動一個對應的 salve 節點來充當 master 。
2、環境準備
這里準備在一臺PC上搭建一個3主3從的redis集群。
在/opt/目錄下新建一個文件夾rediscluster，用來存放集群節點目錄。
然后分別新建server10、server11、server20、server21、server30、server31 6個文件夾準備6個redis節點，這些節點分別使用6379、6380、6381、6382、6383、6384端口，以server10為例配置如下：
port?6379 daemonize?yes pidfile?/var/run/redis_6379.pid cluster-enabled?yes cluster-node-timeout?15000 cluster-config-file??nodes-6379.conf
其他節點只需修改端口和文件名，依次按此進行配置即可，配置完成后啟動這些節點。
[root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server10/redis-server?./server10/redis.conf?& [root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server11/redis-server?./server11/redis.conf?& [root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server20/redis-server?./server20/redis.conf?& [root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server21/redis-server?./server21/redis.conf?& [root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server30/redis-server?./server30/redis.conf?& [root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server31/redis-server?./server31/redis.conf?&
查看啟動狀態：
[root@localhost?rediscluster]#?ps?-ef|grep?redis root?????11842?????1??0?15:03??????????00:00:12?./server10/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6379?[cluster] root?????11950?????1??0?15:03??????????00:00:13?./server11/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6380?[cluster] root?????12074?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:13?./server20/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6381?[cluster] root?????12181?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:12?./server21/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6382?[cluster] root?????12297?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:12?./server30/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6383?[cluster] root?????12404?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:12?./server31/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6384?[cluster]
3、集群配置
非常簡單：redis-cli –cluster create 127.0.0.1:6379 127.0.0.1:6380 127.0.0.1:6381 127.0.0.1:6382 127.0.0.1:6383 127.0.0.1:6384 –cluster -replicas 1
其中-replicas 1表示每個主節點1個從節點
[root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server10/redis-cli?--cluster?create?127.0.0.1:6379?127.0.0.1:6380?127.0.0.1:6381?127.0.0.1:6382?127.0.0.1:6383?127.0.0.1:6384?--cluster-replicas?1 >>>?Performing?hash?slots?allocation?on?6?nodes... Master[0]?->?Slots?0?-?5460 Master[1]?->?Slots?5461?-?10922 Master[2]?->?Slots?10923?-?16383 Adding?replica?127.0.0.1:6383?to?127.0.0.1:6379 Adding?replica?127.0.0.1:6384?to?127.0.0.1:6380 Adding?replica?127.0.0.1:6382?to?127.0.0.1:6381 >>>?Trying?to?optimize?slaves?allocation?for?anti-affinity [WARNING]?Some?slaves?are?in?the?same?host?as?their?master M:?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?127.0.0.1:6379 ???slots:[0-5460]?(5461?slots)?master M:?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?127.0.0.1:6380 ???slots:[5461-10922]?(5462?slots)?master M:?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?127.0.0.1:6381 ???slots:[10923-16383]?(5461?slots)?master S:?0469ec03b43e27dc2b7b4eb24de34e10969e3adf?127.0.0.1:6382 ???replicates?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c S:?fd8ea61503e7c9b6e950894c0da41aed3ee19e7e?127.0.0.1:6383 ???replicates?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd S:?ddebc3ca467d15c7d25125e4e16bcc5576a13699?127.0.0.1:6384 ???replicates?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29 Can?I?set?the?above?configuration??(type?'yes'?to?accept):?yes >>>?Nodes?configuration?updated >>>?Assign?a?different?config?epoch?to?each?node >>>?Sending?CLUSTER?MEET?messages?to?join?the?cluster Waiting?for?the?cluster?to?join .... >>>?Performing?Cluster?Check?(using?node?127.0.0.1:6379) M:?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?127.0.0.1:6379 ???slots:[0-5460]?(5461?slots)?master additional?replica(s) M:?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?127.0.0.1:6381 ???slots:[10923-16383]?(5461?slots)?master additional?replica(s) S:?0469ec03b43e27dc2b7b4eb24de34e10969e3adf?127.0.0.1:6382 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c S:?ddebc3ca467d15c7d25125e4e16bcc5576a13699?127.0.0.1:6384 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29 M:?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?127.0.0.1:6380 ???slots:[5461-10922]?(5462?slots)?master additional?replica(s) S:?fd8ea61503e7c9b6e950894c0da41aed3ee19e7e?127.0.0.1:6383 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd [OK]?All?nodes?agree?about?slots?configuration. >>>?Check?for?open?slots... >>>?Check?slots?coverage... [OK]?All?16384?slots?covered.
創建完成，主從節點分配如下：
Adding?replica?127.0.0.1:6383?to?127.0.0.1:6379 Adding?replica?127.0.0.1:6384?to?127.0.0.1:6380 Adding?replica?127.0.0.1:6382?to?127.0.0.1:6381
4、集群測試
通過6379客戶端連接后進行測試，發現轉向了6381：
[root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server10/redis-cli?-h?127.0.0.1?-c?-p?6379 127.0.0.1:6379>?set?foo?bar ->?Redirected?to?slot?[12182]?located?at?127.0.0.1:6381 OK 127.0.0.1:6381>?get?foo "bar"
在6381上連接測試：
[root@localhost?rediscluster]#?./server10/redis-cli?-h?127.0.0.1?-c?-p?6381 127.0.0.1:6381>?get?foo "bar"
結果相同，說明集群配置正常。
5、集群節點擴容
在rediscluster目錄下在新增兩個目錄server40和server41,新增2個redis節點配置6385和6386兩個端口。將6385作為新增的master節點，6386作為從節點，然后啟動節點：
[root@localhost?server41]#?ps?-ef|grep?redis root?????11842?????1??0?15:03??????????00:00:18?./server10/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6379?[cluster] root?????11950?????1??0?15:03??????????00:00:19?./server11/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6380?[cluster] root?????12074?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:18?./server20/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6381?[cluster] root?????12181?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:18?./server21/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6382?[cluster] root?????12297?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:17?./server30/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6383?[cluster] root?????12404?????1??0?15:04??????????00:00:18?./server31/redis-server?127.0.0.1:6384?[cluster] root?????30563?????1??0?18:01??????????00:00:00?./redis-server?127.0.0.1:6385?[cluster] root?????30582?????1??0?18:02??????????00:00:00?./redis-server?127.0.0.1:6386?[cluster]
添加主節點：
[root@localhost?server41]#?./redis-cli?--cluster?add-node?127.0.0.1:6385?127.0.0.1:6379 >>>?Adding?node?127.0.0.1:6385?to?cluster?127.0.0.1:6379 >>>?Performing?Cluster?Check?(using?node?127.0.0.1:6379) M:?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?127.0.0.1:6379 ???slots:[0-5460]?(5461?slots)?master additional?replica(s) M:?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?127.0.0.1:6381 ???slots:[10923-16383]?(5461?slots)?master additional?replica(s) S:?0469ec03b43e27dc2b7b4eb24de34e10969e3adf?127.0.0.1:6382 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c S:?ddebc3ca467d15c7d25125e4e16bcc5576a13699?127.0.0.1:6384 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29 M:?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?127.0.0.1:6380 ???slots:[5461-10922]?(5462?slots)?master additional?replica(s) S:?fd8ea61503e7c9b6e950894c0da41aed3ee19e7e?127.0.0.1:6383 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd [OK]?All?nodes?agree?about?slots?configuration. >>>?Check?for?open?slots... >>>?Check?slots?coverage... [OK]?All?16384?slots?covered. >>>?Send?CLUSTER?MEET?to?node?127.0.0.1:6385?to?make?it?join?the?cluster. [OK]?New?node?added?correctly.
查看節點列表：
[root@localhost?server41]#?./redis-cli? 127.0.0.1:6379>?cluster?nodes 22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f?127.0.0.1:6385@16385?master?-?0?1555064037664?0?connected efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?127.0.0.1:6379@16379?myself,master?-?0?1555064036000?1?connected?0-5460 d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?127.0.0.1:6381@16381?master?-?0?1555064038666?3?connected?10923-16383 0469ec03b43e27dc2b7b4eb24de34e10969e3adf?127.0.0.1:6382@16382?slave?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?0?1555064035000?4?connected ddebc3ca467d15c7d25125e4e16bcc5576a13699?127.0.0.1:6384@16384?slave?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?0?1555064037000?6?connected 63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?127.0.0.1:6380@16380?master?-?0?1555064037000?2?connected?5461-10922 fd8ea61503e7c9b6e950894c0da41aed3ee19e7e?127.0.0.1:6383@16383?slave?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?0?1555064037000?5?connected
添加從節點：
[root@localhost?server41]#?./redis-cli?--cluster?add-node?127.0.0.1:6386?127.0.0.1:6379?--cluster-slave?--cluster-master-id?22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f >>>?Adding?node?127.0.0.1:6386?to?cluster?127.0.0.1:6379 >>>?Performing?Cluster?Check?(using?node?127.0.0.1:6379) M:?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?127.0.0.1:6379 ???slots:[0-5460]?(5461?slots)?master additional?replica(s) M:?22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f?127.0.0.1:6385 ???slots:?(0?slots)?master M:?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?127.0.0.1:6381 ???slots:[10923-16383]?(5461?slots)?master additional?replica(s) S:?0469ec03b43e27dc2b7b4eb24de34e10969e3adf?127.0.0.1:6382 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c S:?ddebc3ca467d15c7d25125e4e16bcc5576a13699?127.0.0.1:6384 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29 M:?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?127.0.0.1:6380 ???slots:[5461-10922]?(5462?slots)?master additional?replica(s) S:?fd8ea61503e7c9b6e950894c0da41aed3ee19e7e?127.0.0.1:6383 ???slots:?(0?slots)?slave ???replicates?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd [OK]?All?nodes?agree?about?slots?configuration. >>>?Check?for?open?slots... >>>?Check?slots?coverage... [OK]?All?16384?slots?covered. >>>?Send?CLUSTER?MEET?to?node?127.0.0.1:6386?to?make?it?join?the?cluster. Waiting?for?the?cluster?to?join >>>?Configure?node?as?replica?of?127.0.0.1:6385. [OK]?New?node?added?correctly.
添加成功后，為新節點分配數據：
[root@localhost?server41]#?./redis-cli?--cluster?reshard?127.0.0.1:6385 How?many?slots?do?you?want?to?move?(from?1?to?16384)??1000 What?is?the?receiving?node?ID??22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f Please?enter?all?the?source?node?IDs. ??Type?'all'?to?use?all?the?nodes?as?source?nodes?for?the?hash?slots. ??Type?'done'?once?you?entered?all?the?source?nodes?IDs. Source?node?#1:?all
這樣就新增完畢了，可以通過cluster nodes命令查看一下新增后的slot分布
127.0.0.1:6379>?cluster?nodes 22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f?127.0.0.1:6385@16385?master?-?0?1555064706000?7?connected?0-332?5461-5794?10923-11255 efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?127.0.0.1:6379@16379?myself,master?-?0?1555064707000?1?connected?333-5460 d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?127.0.0.1:6381@16381?master?-?0?1555064705000?3?connected?11256-16383 7c24e205301b38caa1ff3cd8b270a1ceb7249a2e?127.0.0.1:6386@16386?slave?22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f?0?1555064705000?7?connected 0469ec03b43e27dc2b7b4eb24de34e10969e3adf?127.0.0.1:6382@16382?slave?63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?0?1555064707000?4?connected ddebc3ca467d15c7d25125e4e16bcc5576a13699?127.0.0.1:6384@16384?slave?efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29?0?1555064707236?6?connected 63e20c75984e493892265ddd2a441c81bcdc575c?127.0.0.1:6380@16380?master?-?0?1555064706000?2?connected?5795-10922 fd8ea61503e7c9b6e950894c0da41aed3ee19e7e?127.0.0.1:6383@16383?slave?d9a79ed6204e558b2fcee78ea05218b4de006acd?0?1555064708238?5?connected
6、集群節點縮減
縮減節點時先縮減從節點:
[root@localhost?server41]#?./redis-cli?--cluster?del-node?127.0.0.1:6386?7c24e205301b38caa1ff3cd8b270a1ceb7249a2e >>>?Removing?node?7c24e205301b38caa1ff3cd8b270a1ceb7249a2e?from?cluster?127.0.0.1:6386 >>>?Sending?CLUSTER?FORGET?messages?to?the?cluster... >>>?SHUTDOWN?the?node.
然后進行主節點slot轉移：
[root@localhost server41]# ./redis-cli --cluster reshard 127.0.0.1:6385How many slots do you want to move (from 1 to 16384)? 1000What is the receiving node ID? efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29 //要移到的節點Please enter all the source node IDs. Type 'all' to use all the nodes as source nodes for the hash slots. Type 'done' once you entered all the source nodes IDs. Source node #1: 22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f //要刪除的主節點Source node #2: done
最后在縮減主節點
[root@localhost?server41]#?./redis-cli?--cluster?reshard?127.0.0.1:6385 How?many?slots?do?you?want?to?move?(from?1?to?16384)??1000 What?is?the?receiving?node?ID??efa84a74525749b8ea20585074dda81b852e9c29??//要移到的節點 Please?enter?all?the?source?node?IDs. ??Type?'all'?to?use?all?the?nodes?as?source?nodes?for?the?hash?slots. ??Type?'done'?once?you?entered?all?the?source?nodes?IDs. Source?node?#1:?22e8a8e97d6f7cc7d627e577a986384d4d181a4f???//要刪除的主節點 Source?node?#2:?done
縮減完成！【相關推薦：Redis教程】
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