1、ip地址配置
手動指定IP
以下3個命令都可以完成IP地址的配置：
– ifconfig Interface [address_family] [address [netmask]]
– ipconfig set interface-name (MANUAL | INFORM) ip-address subnet-mask
– networksetup -setmanual
手動指定IP舉例：
macbook$?sudo?ifconfig?en0?inet?192.168.1.10?netmask?255.255.255.0
macbook$?sudo?ipconfig?set?en0?MANUAL?192.168.1.10?255.255.255.0
macbook$?sudo?networksetup?-setmanual?Wi-Fi?192.168.1.10?255.255.255.0?192.168.1.1
注意：ifconfig和ipconfig都是指定網口設備名稱，而networksetup要求使用macos為網口設置的別名（所謂“network service”）來指定網口。
使用DHCP配置IP
可以使用以下2個命令來重新獲取DHCP配置：
– ipconfig set interface-name (DHCP | BOOTP)
– networksetup -setdhcp
使用DHCP動態(tài)獲取IP地址舉例：
macbook$?ipconfig?set?en0?DHCP
macbook$?networksetup?-setdhcp?Wi-Fi
注意：ifconfig和ipconfig都是指定網口設備名稱，而networksetup要求使用MacOS為網口設置的別名（所謂“network service”）來指定網口。
配置默認網關
可以使用以下命令配置默認網關：
– networksetup -setmanual
– route [add | change ] default
– route [add | change ] -net 0.0.0.0
默認網關配置舉例：
macbook$?sudo?networksetup?-setmanual?Wi-Fi?192.168.1.10?255.255.255.0?192.168.1.1
以下兩條命令等價:
macbook$?sudo?route?add?default?192.168.1.1 macbook$?sudo?route?add?-net?0.0.0.0?192.168.1.1
如果已存在默認路由，你可能需要先刪除現(xiàn)有默認路由，然后再添加默認路由：
macbook$?sudo?route?delete?default macbook$?sudo?route?add?default?192.168.1.1
或者你也可以替換現(xiàn)有默認路由：
macbook$?sudo?route?change?default?192.168.1.1
添加靜態(tài)路由
可以使用以下命令添加路由:
macbook$?sudo?route?[-n]?[add?|?delete?|?change]?[-net?|?-host]?[-ifscope?boundif]?destination?gateway?[netmask]
首先查看當前路由表：
macbook$?netstat?-nr Routing?tables Internet: Destination????????Gateway????????????Flags????????Refs??????Use???Netif?Expire default????????????192.168.1.1????????UGSc???????????21????????5?????en0 127????????????????127.0.0.1??????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????lo0 127.0.0.1??????????127.0.0.1??????????UH??????????????1?????1699?????lo0 169.254????????????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en0 169.254????????????link#6?????????????UCSI????????????1????????0?????en6 169.254.89.143/32??link#6?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en6 192.168.1??????????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.1/32?????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.1????????f4:ec:38:1e:ea:52??UHLWIir????????19??????224?????en0????887 192.168.1.101/32???link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.101??????48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd???UHLWIi??????????1????????4?????lo0 192.168.1.104??????7c:b2:32:70:33:5c??UHLWI???????????0????????2?????en0???1053 224.0.0/4??????????link#4?????????????UmCS????????????2????????0?????en0 224.0.0/4??????????link#6?????????????UmCSI???????????0????????0?????en6 224.0.0.251????????1:0:5e:0:0:fb??????UHmLWI??????????0????????0?????en0 239.255.255.250????1:0:5e:7f:ff:fa????UHmLWI??????????0????????3?????en0 255.255.255.255/32?link#4?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en0 255.255.255.255/32?link#6?????????????UCSI????????????0????????0?????en6 Internet6: Destination?????????????????????????????Gateway?????????????????????????Flags?????????Netif?Expire default?????????????????????????????????fe80::%utun1????????????????????UGcI??????????utun1 ::1?????????????????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UHL?????????????lo0 fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f::/64?????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?Uc????????????utun0 fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f:f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70??link#10?????????????????????????UHL?????????????lo0 fe80::%lo0/64???????????????????????????fe80::1%lo0?????????????????????UcI?????????????lo0 fe80::1%lo0?????????????????????????????link#1??????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%en0/64???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UCI?????????????en0 fe80::ca3:96a0:7113:b973%en0????????????48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%en6/64???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UCI?????????????en6 fe80::c02:7c0f:52a1:d528%en6????????????ff:fa:0:0:78:86?????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%awdl0/64?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UCI???????????awdl0 fe80::e00e:6dff:fef9:e630%awdl0?????????e2:e:6d:f9:e6:30????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%utun0/64?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UcI???????????utun0 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?????????link#10?????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%utun1/64?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UcI???????????utun1 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??????????link#11?????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 ff01::%lo0/32???????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UmCI????????????lo0 ff01::%en0/32???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en0 ff01::%en6/32???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en6 ff01::%awdl0/32?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UmCI??????????awdl0 ff01::%utun0/32?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UmCI??????????utun0 ff01::%utun1/32?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UmCI??????????utun1 ff02::%lo0/32???????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UmCI????????????lo0 ff02::%en0/32???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en0 ff02::%en6/32???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en6 ff02::%awdl0/32?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UmCI??????????awdl0 ff02::%utun0/32?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UmCI??????????utun0 ff02::%utun1/32?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UmCI??????????utun1
方法1：添加路由:
macbook$?sudo?route?add?-net?10.1.1.1/32?192.168.1.1 Password: add?net?10.1.1.1:?gateway?192.168.1.1
查看當前路由表:
macbook$?netstat?-nr Routing?tables Internet: Destination????????Gateway????????????Flags????????Refs??????Use???Netif?Expire default????????????192.168.1.1????????UGSc???????????23????????5?????en0 10.1.1.1/32????????192.168.1.1????????UGSc????????????0????????0?????en0 127????????????????127.0.0.1??????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????lo0 127.0.0.1??????????127.0.0.1??????????UH??????????????1?????1699?????lo0 169.254????????????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en0 169.254????????????link#6?????????????UCSI????????????1????????0?????en6 169.254.89.143/32??link#6?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en6 192.168.1??????????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.1/32?????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.1????????f4:ec:38:1e:ea:52??UHLWIir????????22??????210?????en0???1000 192.168.1.101/32???link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.101??????48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd???UHLWI???????????0????????4?????lo0 192.168.1.104??????7c:b2:32:70:33:5c??UHLWIi??????????1????????2?????en0???1166 224.0.0/4??????????link#4?????????????UmCS????????????2????????0?????en0 224.0.0/4??????????link#6?????????????UmCSI???????????0????????0?????en6 224.0.0.251????????1:0:5e:0:0:fb??????UHmLWI??????????0????????0?????en0 239.255.255.250????1:0:5e:7f:ff:fa????UHmLWI??????????0????????3?????en0 255.255.255.255/32?link#4?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en0 255.255.255.255/32?link#6?????????????UCSI????????????0????????0?????en6 Internet6: Destination?????????????????????????????Gateway?????????????????????????Flags?????????Netif?Expire default?????????????????????????????????fe80::%utun1????????????????????UGcI??????????utun1 ::1?????????????????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UHL?????????????lo0 fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f::/64?????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?Uc????????????utun0 fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f:f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70??link#10?????????????????????????UHL?????????????lo0 fe80::%lo0/64???????????????????????????fe80::1%lo0?????????????????????UcI?????????????lo0 fe80::1%lo0?????????????????????????????link#1??????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%en0/64???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UCI?????????????en0 fe80::ca3:96a0:7113:b973%en0????????????48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%en6/64???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UCI?????????????en6 fe80::c02:7c0f:52a1:d528%en6????????????ff:fa:0:0:78:86?????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%awdl0/64?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UCI???????????awdl0 fe80::e00e:6dff:fef9:e630%awdl0?????????e2:e:6d:f9:e6:30????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%utun0/64?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UcI???????????utun0 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?????????link#10?????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%utun1/64?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UcI???????????utun1 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??????????link#11?????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 ff01::%lo0/32???????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UmCI????????????lo0 ff01::%en0/32???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en0 ff01::%en6/32???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en6 ff01::%awdl0/32?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UmCI??????????awdl0 ff01::%utun0/32?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UmCI??????????utun0 ff01::%utun1/32?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UmCI??????????utun1 ff02::%lo0/32???????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UmCI????????????lo0 ff02::%en0/32???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en0 ff02::%en6/32???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en6 ff02::%awdl0/32?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UmCI??????????awdl0 ff02::%utun0/32?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UmCI??????????utun0 ff02::%utun1/32?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UmCI??????????utun1
方法二:添加路由:
macbook$ sudo route add -net 10.1.1.2 -netmask 255.255.255.255 192.168.1.1
add net 10.1.1.2: gateway 192.168.1.1
查看路由表:
macbook$?netstat?-nr Routing?tables Internet: Destination????????Gateway????????????Flags????????Refs??????Use???Netif?Expire default????????????192.168.1.1????????UGSc???????????21????????5?????en0 10.1.1.1/32????????192.168.1.1????????UGSc????????????0????????0?????en0 10.1.1.2/32????????192.168.1.1????????UGSc????????????0????????0?????en0 127????????????????127.0.0.1??????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????lo0 127.0.0.1??????????127.0.0.1??????????UH??????????????1?????1699?????lo0 169.254????????????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en0 169.254????????????link#6?????????????UCSI????????????1????????0?????en6 169.254.89.143/32??link#6?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en6 192.168.1??????????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????2????????0?????en0 192.168.1.1/32?????link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.1????????f4:ec:38:1e:ea:52??UHLWIir????????21??????224?????en0????962 192.168.1.101/32???link#4?????????????UCS?????????????1????????0?????en0 192.168.1.101??????48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd???UHLWI???????????0????????4?????lo0 192.168.1.104??????7c:b2:32:70:33:5c??UHLWI???????????0????????2?????en0???1128 224.0.0/4??????????link#4?????????????UmCS????????????2????????0?????en0 224.0.0/4??????????link#6?????????????UmCSI???????????0????????0?????en6 224.0.0.251????????1:0:5e:0:0:fb??????UHmLWI??????????0????????0?????en0 239.255.255.250????1:0:5e:7f:ff:fa????UHmLWI??????????0????????3?????en0 255.255.255.255/32?link#4?????????????UCS?????????????0????????0?????en0 255.255.255.255/32?link#6?????????????UCSI????????????0????????0?????en6 Internet6: Destination?????????????????????????????Gateway?????????????????????????Flags?????????Netif?Expire default?????????????????????????????????fe80::%utun1????????????????????UGcI??????????utun1 ::1?????????????????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UHL?????????????lo0 fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f::/64?????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?Uc????????????utun0 fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f:f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70??link#10?????????????????????????UHL?????????????lo0 fe80::%lo0/64???????????????????????????fe80::1%lo0?????????????????????UcI?????????????lo0 fe80::1%lo0?????????????????????????????link#1??????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%en0/64???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UCI?????????????en0 fe80::ca3:96a0:7113:b973%en0????????????48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%en6/64???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UCI?????????????en6 fe80::c02:7c0f:52a1:d528%en6????????????ff:fa:0:0:78:86?????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%awdl0/64?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UCI???????????awdl0 fe80::e00e:6dff:fef9:e630%awdl0?????????e2:e:6d:f9:e6:30????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%utun0/64?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UcI???????????utun0 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?????????link#10?????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 fe80::%utun1/64?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UcI???????????utun1 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??????????link#11?????????????????????????UHLI????????????lo0 ff01::%lo0/32???????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UmCI????????????lo0 ff01::%en0/32???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en0 ff01::%en6/32???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en6 ff01::%awdl0/32?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UmCI??????????awdl0 ff01::%utun0/32?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UmCI??????????utun0 ff01::%utun1/32?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UmCI??????????utun1 ff02::%lo0/32???????????????????????????::1?????????????????????????????UmCI????????????lo0 ff02::%en0/32???????????????????????????link#4??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en0 ff02::%en6/32???????????????????????????link#6??????????????????????????UmCI????????????en6 ff02::%awdl0/32?????????????????????????link#8??????????????????????????UmCI??????????awdl0 ff02::%utun0/32?????????????????????????fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0?UmCI??????????utun0 ff02::%utun1/32?????????????????????????fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1??UmCI??????????utun1
2、設置DNS
指定DNS服務器
配置命令:
macbook$?networksetup?-setdnsservers?<networkservice>?<dns1>?[dns2]?[...]</dns1></networkservice>
示例:
macbook$?sudo?networksetup?-setdnsservers?Wi-Fi?114.114.114.114?114.114.114.115
不指定DNS地址參數時，清空配置DNS服務器:
macbook$?sudo?networksetup?-setdnsservers?Wi-Fi
查看當前配置的DNS服務器
方法一：查看手動指定的DNS服務器地址
命令:
macbook$ networksetup -getdnsservers
注意：此命令只能查看手動指定的DNS服務器地址，無法查看到由DHCP獲得的DNS地址！
示例：
macbook$?sudo?networksetup?-getdnsservers?Wi-Fi
方法二: 查看由DHCP配置的DNS地址
命令：
macbook$?ipconfig?getpacket?interface-name
此命令用以查看從DHCP獲得的相關網絡配置信息，同時也包含DNS配置信息！
示例：
macbook$?sudo?ipconfig?getpacket?en0 Password: op?=?BOOTREPLY htype?=?1 flags?=?0 hlen?=?6 hops?=?0 xid?=?0x1da0b2e6 secs?=?0 ciaddr?=?0.0.0.0 yiaddr?=?192.168.1.101 siaddr?=?0.0.0.0 giaddr?=?0.0.0.0 chaddr?=?48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd sname?=? file?=? options: Options?count?is?7 dhcp_message_type?(uint8):?ACK?0x5 server_identifier?(ip):?192.168.1.1 lease_time?(uint32):?0xffffffff subnet_mask?(ip):?255.255.255.0 router?(ip_mult):?{192.168.1.1} domain_name_server?(ip_mult):?{114.114.114.114,?114.114.115.115} end?(none):
3、清除DNS緩存
OS X 10.9 (Mavericks):
macbook$?dscacheutil?-flushcache;?sudo?killall?-HUP?mDNSResponder
OS X 10.10 (Yosemite):
macbook$?sudo?discoveryutil?udnsflushcaches
Versions 10.10.4+:
macbook$?sudo?dscacheutil?-flushcache;sudo?killall?-HUP?mDNSResponder
OS X 10.11 (El Capitan) and OS X 10.12 (Sierra):
macbook$?sudo?killall?-HUP?mDNSResponder
OS X 10.12.4:
macbook$?sudo?killall?-HUP?mDNSResponder;?sudo?killall?mDNSResponderHelper;?sudo?dscacheutil?-flushcache;
推薦教程：《MacOS教程》
? 版權聲明
文章版權歸作者所有，未經允許請勿轉載。
THE END
