在centos上配置hdfs(hadoop distributed file system)的高可用性(ha)涉及多個(gè)步驟和組件。以下是一個(gè)基本的指南,幫助你在centos上配置hdfs ha:
前提條件
- CentOS 7或更高版本
- Java JDK 8或更高版本
- Hadoop 2.x或更高版本
- 至少三臺(tái)服務(wù)器(用于NameNode HA)
步驟
1. 安裝Java JDK
sudo yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
2. 下載并解壓Hadoop
wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.3.1/hadoop-3.3.1.tar.gz tar -xzvf hadoop-3.3.1.tar.gz -C /opt/
3. 配置Hadoop環(huán)境變量
編輯/etc/profile.d/hadoop.sh文件:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-3.3.1 export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
然后使配置生效:
source /etc/profile.d/hadoop.sh
4. 配置HDFS HA
編輯$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml:
<<span>configuration></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>fs.defaultFS</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>hdfs://mycluster</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>ha.zookeeper.quorum</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>zk1:2181,zk2:2181,zk3:2181</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> </<span>configuration></span>
編輯$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml:
<<span>configuration></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.nameservices</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>mycluster</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.ha.namenodes.mycluster</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>nn1,nn2</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.mycluster.nn1</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>namenode1:8020</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.mycluster.nn2</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>namenode2:8020</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.namenode.http-address.mycluster.nn1</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>namenode1:50070</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.namenode.http-address.mycluster.nn2</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>namenode2:50070</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>qjournal://journalnode1:8485;journalnode2:8485;journalnode3:8485/mycluster</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.mycluster</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>sshfence</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> <<span>property></span> <<span>name></span>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</<span>name></span> <<span>value></span>/opt/hadoop-3.3.1/data/journalnode</<span>value></span> </<span>property></span> </<span>configuration></span>
5. 配置ZooKeeper
確保ZooKeeper集群已經(jīng)安裝并運(yùn)行。你可以參考ZooKeeper的官方文檔進(jìn)行安裝和配置。
6. 啟動(dòng)JournalNode
在所有JournalNode服務(wù)器上啟動(dòng)JournalNode:
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
7. 初始化NameNode元數(shù)據(jù)
在一臺(tái)NameNode上執(zhí)行以下命令:
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/hadoop namenode -format
8. 啟動(dòng)NameNode
在所有NameNode服務(wù)器上啟動(dòng)NameNode(注意:先啟動(dòng)一個(gè)NameNode,然后使用hdfs haadmin命令切換到另一個(gè)NameNode):
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
9. 啟動(dòng)DataNode
在所有DataNode服務(wù)器上啟動(dòng)DataNode:
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
10. 驗(yàn)證HA配置
使用以下命令檢查HDFS HA狀態(tài):
$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1 $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn2
通過以上步驟,你應(yīng)該能夠在CentOS上成功配置HDFS的高可用性。請根據(jù)你的實(shí)際環(huán)境和需求進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
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